Questions tagged [swap]
Swap space is a virtual memory of RAM. It is used when the amount of RAM is full. Swap space can be a dedicated swap partition, a swap file, or a combination of swap partitions and swap files.
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Managing LUKS encrypted swap files/volumes. Manual mounting on remote dedicated servers, boot behavior, and fstab settings
I would like to setup an as simple as possible encryption at rest solution for a remote dedicated server. The host I am using will provide physical disks and there is no off the shelf solution for ...
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Do popular cloud providers overcommit the guest VM ram?
For example, I read that while VirtualBox never overcommits memory, KVM has options to allow memory overcommit.
So I wonder if popular cloud providers (GCE, AWS, Azure ...) ever overcommit the VM ...
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How to prevent windows from using all RAM when running the system for an extended period of time?
I own two up to date computers with windows 10, with fairly different hardware, on both of them, windows fills the ram (99-100%) over time, usually after a month of run time.
The first uses a hard ...
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Fedora Core 39 Disable zram0
Background:
I have several VMs that do not need sleep or other things. I generally provide them enough RAM to do their job and not need swap. I kickstart them and build them without a swap partition. ...
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vmstat + on RHEL machine high values of swpd
The swpd field indicates how much swap space has been used; this value increases when your systems physical memory is full and the Linux kernel starts to use the swap partition/file. When the systems ...
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What happens if I execute swapoff && swapon when RAM + swap exceeds RAM capacity
What happens if I execute the command
sudo swapoff -a && swapon -a
having RAM full 25GB/32GB and swap full 20GB/32GB? 25+20 = 45 > 32 so there's no way RAM can fit all operating data. On ...
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Most important drive characteristics for swapfile/swappartition / pagefile?
So, this is potentially a two-fold question because I wonder about both how Windows (11) and Linux (6.5) handle their corresponding swapfile/swappartition and pagefile I/O.
What are the most important ...
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Cannot use free space for swap partition
I am trying to increase the swap space on a CentOs-7 VM. I was running a program that crashed on the VM complaining about running out of memory. I thought increasing the swap space might fix the issue....
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Differences swap to file and (usual) swap for VMware guest
I would like to ask about the main differences of "swap no hibernate" and "swap to file" in case of a virtual machine.
By default I choose swap without hibernate because that's ...
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Can I control how windows page file behaves? [duplicate]
As we all know Linux has swappiness option that we can change according to our needs to control how it behaves, so my question is, is there any command or anything like that what we can change to make ...
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Is there a way to shift two logic volume position?
I had an existing Centos Stream 8 Linux System configured as automatic partition when it was installed.
The partition/logic volume layout as:
[root@Centos8Gateway ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM ...
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How to add swap space on fedora?
I want to add swap space on my machine running Fedora. Searching on this raised questions:
I found this 2016 post showing a method to do it, but a comment says changing the swap could result in boot ...
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Can't do an in-place Update of an Azure cloud service (extended support) after a VIP swap - Public IP is in use (error)
I have successfully performed a VIP swap on a pair of Azure cloud services (extended support) that had Reserved IP addresses (static, although I don't think it matters).
Now I can Update (by uploading ...
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How to delete a debian luks swap partition properly?
There is the post Removing the swap partition from a LUKS encrypted SSDD but it's tagged as linux mint.
Because of the fact that update-initramfs (a debian tool) reports an error my problem is related ...
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Deleting swapfile.sys when another partition is provisioned for paging in Windows 11
A Windows 11 system is configured with two physical storage devices. The first has a typical layout, of boot, reserved, and data partitions, whereas the second is partitioned exclusively for a page ...
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Windows support for discard operation of disk drives
Calling a discard operation by a file system to hardware storage is important for both optimal lifespans of solid-state drives and space reclamation of thin-provisioned virtual drives.
Information ...
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Drive /dev/sda with a swap file in WSL2
As NotTheDr01ds mentioned in this answer, /dev/sda in WSL2 is a virtual drive which Windows creates to store a swap file shared between WSL instances. But it isn't mounted by default when instance ...
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Swapping with Paging and Swappiness (Linux)
In Abraham Silberschatz's Book, Greg Gagne, Peter B. Galvin - Operating System Concepts (2018) says:
Standard swapping was used in traditional UNIX systems, but it is
generally no longer used in ...
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BTRFS warning (device xxx): swapfile must not be copy-on-write. Why swap is activated when disabled?
I have SSD. When I check dmesg I see warnings and fails:
$ sudo dmesg | grep swap
[ 0.085887] Spectre V1 : Mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
[ 0.429424] zswap: ...
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Resizing my swap partition on Debian encrypted lvm setup has disabled hibernate, how can I fix it?
I installed Debian 11 on an ancient netbook, encrypted with a separate /home partition, otherwise accepting all the defaults.
Once I'd got the system set up I realized that I'd only got a 1GB swap ...
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CPU Limiting & kswapd0 Advice Saught
Through hours of testing, I have found that the nextcloud desktop sync client for ubuntu 20.04 (appimage or ppa) both seem to have a bug to where... if a common nextcloud file sync error occurs , ...
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How much time am I spending in swap?
I think I'm getting slowness due to running out of memory and hitting swap. I've watched the hardfaults/sec in Resource Monitor and it's often over 1000. This is an issue generally during ...
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Pagefile on Windows 10 limited to 64 GB?
I have a few tasks where I can't avoid using tons of memory. Since I have limited physical memory, Windows starts using the SWAP/Pagefile. Though it seems that Windows is limiting the pagefile size to ...
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Check which processes are eating swap on Linux?
To see some memory info I can watch it in top of through cat /proc/meminfo.
In /proc/meminfo I can see the swap usage of the whole system like this:
SwapCached: 4 kB
SwapTotal: ...
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Prevent swap formating at OS installation
For testing I've created multiple partitions (7) to install different Linux distributions.
I have a partition /dev/sda6 for Linux Swap.
Each installer (graphical install) decides to reformat this swap ...
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Sysctl kernel boot parameter not always applied fast enough for dependent processes
I'm running Debian on a custom Chromium OS (cros) kernel on a Chromebook. Cros kernel has disk-based swap file disabled by default (since it prefers zram), and to enable it sysctl variable vm....
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How to delete swap file in ubuntu?
I am trying to delete the swap file by the following link:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/delete-swap-file
However, when I type:
sudo rm /swapfile
I am getting the following error:
...
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Swapping machine OS with VM OS
For several months I've been playing around on VirtualBox with Linux Mint 20.0 installed on it and have tweaked the OS just the way I now want it.
This VB resides inside of main bare metal Windows 7 ...
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enable zswap selectively per-device?
Is it possible to enable zswap for some swap devices but not for others? I don't see any tunables, and quick checks show that even zram swaps end up using zswap (leading to double compression). Once /...
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What kind of storage would nowadays be good for swap partitions (Linux, Windows)? If NVMe SSD is used, how will this impact longevity?
Does it still make sense to use a good old magnetic disk for this purpose, maybe a RAID 0 configuration?
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Is unencrypted swap partition safe after shutdown in linux OS?
I am trying to google this question, but so far I don't find any answer online.
I am running debian OS.
Unencrypted swap partition is NOT safe when the system is using it and running. Hackers may get ...
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What's the maximum swap memory in Linux
today I discovered what was swap memory on linux, after a PHP error "cannot allocate memory in...", "The following exception is caused by a lack of memory and not having swap configured&...
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Why is the default zram value is 1/4 of ram? Why not high values?
I noticed the usually value of zram is 1/4 of total ram.
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/SwapOnZRAM
Why is bad use like 3/4 or total of ram?
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Force a process to only use swap memory?
I have a custom program that performs analysis on some data. This is a very memory-hungry operation that can potentially use thousands of gigabytes of RAM. My computer only has 16gb of RAM, so my only ...
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How do I add a swap (Not a swap file) after installation of Kali Linux? [duplicate]
I am a dual user running Kali Linux and Windows 8.1 . A few days before, I had removed the swap partition that I had installed for Kali Linux during the installation, since my windows was running out ...
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What happened about the swap used?
Q：Why is the used value of swap so large? Is there a error/bug/problem with the kernel?
env: CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
[root@dc-hadoop203 ~]# free -g
total used free ...
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How to create and configure swap space on an SSD with a running, LUKS-encrypted Linux system?
I have a trusty old ThinkPad R60 with only 3 GB RAM (upgraded from 2 GB) with Linux Mint Debian Edition 4 running on it. I chose LMDE for stability and the desktop environment. The machine is one of ...
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Give space to a tiny computer (tmpfs with swap over nfs)
I have a tiny computer with not so much RAM (1-2GiB) and very little disk space in which I installed Gentoo. I also have space on a shared NFS.
In order to be able to compile any package, even the ...
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How to remove linux swap partition from a disk?
I need to tell details about my disk first: I bought SSD drive (223 Gb) a while ago and decide install on it Windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04, I have split drive 450 Mb + 100 Mb + 173 Gb for Windows 10 and ...
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swap order of text in notepad++
I'm trying to swap my code (over 1000 lines) of this:
from:
HA09 HA(a9b0, a8b1, Cout09, Sum09);
FA19 FA(Sum09, a7b2, Cout08, Cout19, Sum19);
to:
HA HA09(a9b0, a8b1, Cout09, Sum09)...
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Swap space not updated
I just made my USB an additional swap and after all done I did not know how could I take the USB off my computer properly, so I just pulled it off. When I open htop the swap space that the USB ...
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Unable to write the entries in /etc/fstab
I am using below playbook to write the entries in /etc/fstab & to create swap file:
---
- name: Configure SWAP
hosts: localhost
become: yes
become_user: root
tasks:
- name: ...
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What size swap partition will allow a Mint 19.3 installation with 64G RAM to hibernate?
This same basic question is asked at How can I enable hibernation under Linux Mint 18.3?, but the question as asked only tells how much space is desirable for a 4Gi installation, and conflicting ...
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Does swap size have any relevance to suspend to RAM?
I'm having some trouble suspending my Xubuntu 19.10 machine and I've recently heard a suggestion that I might need more swap. Currently I have about 1GB of swap for 8GB of RAM, which I've heard is a ...
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What unit does swapon use for size?
Both swapon -show and cat /proc/swaps report that I have a swap of size 1003516 and no unit is given. At first I assumed that this was bytes, giving me about 1 megabyte. However, free -mh reports that ...
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why does it start to swap when there are still plenty of memory?
$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 125G 16G 105G 26M 3.3G 107G
Swap: 8.0G 1....
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Why is my keyboard not functioning when I load my PC causing it to swap upto 2GB of memory?
I have a below avarage laptop with 6GB RAM (I know it should be either 4GB or 8GB for optimisation reasons and such but I gotta work with what I got) and about 1GB of it is used up by my desktop ...
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How to reduce the size of swap file from 3.8 GB to 1GB?
I'm using Jetson TX2 L4T v28.3 but I can't seem to find the swap file in L4T OS 28.3 (UBUNTU Bionic 18.04). I tried to locate it via grep but the file can't be located.
jetpack4-2@jetpack42-desktop:~$...
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Memory of disk assigned as swap doest fit
I have problem with understanding of disk partitions for swap. Problem is about size. I create new particion via fstab with size 2GB:
Command (m for help): n
Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 ...
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full disk encryption and encrypting swap with temporary keys
When I installed Debian Buster (with a stock 4.19 kernel) on my device, I opted for guided partitioning with full disk encryption.
So the current setup is LVM on LUKS, and /boot is unencrypted:
user@...
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