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What does “scope” do in ip route and why it is necessary to setup static route in Linux?

If I want to replace default dhcp route rules with static ones, I have to add a rule ip route add scope link dev eth0. Or I will get an error: “Nexthop has a invalid gateway”. Here are my ...
William's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
15k views

Change order of routing table/move entry up or down in linux

I have a couple of interfaces in my routing table and the first one stopped working. I want to temporarily move it down to make one below it default. Do I have to delete and add it again or is there ...
Daniel Krajnik's user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
2k views

How to understand the output of ip route on a mac

I asked this on networkengineering.stackexchange.com and was flagged as offtoppic but was told to ask here...so here goes: I am on a mac, when I run ip route show I get the following output: ip route ...
Finlay Weber's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
383 views

Routing table behaviour coupled with bound sockets - unexpected behaviour

Problem I am experiencing some rather odd behavior where a seemingly unrelated default gateway route is having unexpected side-effects. I managed to replicate this issue with a minimal example. The ...
kvnnap's user avatar
  • 33
2 votes
1 answer
2k views

What does term metric mean? [duplicate]

In the ifconfig man page I encountered: metric N This parameter sets the interface metric. Searched the net, but didn't find clear explanation, only something like "it sets priority of ...
user avatar
2 votes
2 answers
4k views

How to route default traffic to another specific IP on a TP-Link router

I have a TP-Linkk router TD-W8960N 300Mbps Wireless N ADSL2+ Modem Router, which I use to connect to the internet via PPPoE. I have a backup internet connection with its own router, connected to the ...
Bertuz's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
101 views

Unable to send ping from host A via B to C

There is a network of three computer. Problem: Host A (192.168.1.1) can send ping to host B (10.10.0.5, also 192.168.1.2), but can not to send C (10.10.0.6, 10.10.0.7). Host A say: "10.10.0.6 = ...
stacker's user avatar
  • 21
2 votes
2 answers
2k views

tracert results not matching routing table (route print)

Why would tracert 10.0.0.1 produce the following results: Tracing route to 10.0.0.1 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 3 ms 3 ms 3 ms 192.168.0.1 2 * * * Request ...
arcyqwerty's user avatar
  • 1,070
1 vote
1 answer
129 views

How is the Internet divided in respect to routers finding paths to host/networks?

As it was answered in another question of mine (about something little different) by Baldrickk it looks "similar to sending a letter to another country - it is narrowed down by country, then region, ...
Karlb's user avatar
  • 13
1 vote
2 answers
2k views

Packet reaches OS but not the process

Sorry if my issue is a bit hard to summarize in the title. That is the best I could come up with. TL;DR Version: How do I debug when packets reach OS, but not the destination process? Explanation: I ...
pooya13's user avatar
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1 vote
2 answers
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How does a router know that it should receive the packet, if the packet was sent to a public IP address?

Let's say that I have a router that has a public IP address on one of its interfaces and a private address on one of the other interfaces, let's say 192.168.1.1/24. Then there is a computer connected ...
AnB's user avatar
  • 13
1 vote
1 answer
357 views

Windows On-Link

When I hear the accurate descriptions/interpretations on what the On-Link Gateway category as a result of viewing the routing table. It begs the question, isn't this a short-cut to identifying the ...
innabawks's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
3k views

Multiple client connections using OpenVPN

I have 2 servers running OpenVPN, let's call them server A and server B, I also have a client for both of the OpenVPN servers which is called client1, I'm trying to connect client1 to both servers on ...
Curean Nicușor's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
3k views

I can ping from a PC to another PC on different subnet but the reverse is not

I had set up my LAN like this. I can ping from the laptop to PC, but I can't ping from PC to laptop. The result: PING 192.168.11.25 (192.168.11.25) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.2.123 icmp_seq=...
Davuz's user avatar
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0 answers
390 views

[Mininet/Miniedit]: The hosts cant ping/reach other in a 2 router system

As a part of an experiment, my network has the following topology for two host machines connected to a router in mininet(on Ubuntu 22.04.02 Virtual Machine) h1 - r1 - r2 - h2 The host ...
Toshitt Ahuja's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
240 views

pfsense routing table: link vs interface

Here is my pfsense IPv4 outing table (netatst -r): Destination Gateway Flags Netif Expire default 192.168.4.1 UGS em0 127.0.0.1 link#4 ...
cdjc's user avatar
  • 131
1 vote
0 answers
185 views

Libvirt routed network - can not connect guest VMs to external Router

I am trying to build a virtual lab to test some NAS64 capabilities with Cisco ISR Routers. The goal is to have IPv4-only and IPv6-only Guests talk to each other via a Cisco ISR 4321. The Basic idea ...
network-dummy's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
68 views

Why does NCSI show no connection when I eliminate the default route?

I'm experimenting with routing tables on my Windows 10 machine, to gain more control of traffic. I've noticed that the NCSI will show no internet when there is. Specifically, if I eliminate the ...
ssmquasar's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
523 views

Why is eth0 responding to ip-address assigned to ethernet gadget usb0?

We configure networking on an embedded Linux system by setting one static IP-Address(169.254.0.1/16=LLA) on an Ethernet-Gadget/usb0 while using DHCP on Ethernet/eth0(192.168./16). To our surprise the ...
ARi's user avatar
  • 11
1 vote
1 answer
684 views

How does RIP (Routing Information Protocol) work?

Here is a network scenario: network scenario: All the mentioned routers have RIP Ver 2 running and below is their routing table. Router1: C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 ...
Aniruddha's user avatar
  • 135
0 votes
2 answers
3k views

How does Windows 10 find a routing rule in routing table?

Consider the following routing table: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.8.1 192.168.8.2 2 ...
William's user avatar
  • 265
0 votes
2 answers
1k views

Why do routing tables in routers have gateway set to IP address of their own interface

In the following article, the routers have a gateway set to the IP address of one of its own interfaces. Following diagram shows the network topology where the routing table of Router 2 is visible ...
pranav's user avatar
  • 3
0 votes
1 answer
654 views

What is my ISP doing or not doing that is causing these problems? - advanced networking

I'm not sure if this is where I should be posting this question or if it's the right type of question to ask here but here goes. I posted it on network engineering but someone told me to come here. I'...
anarchy's user avatar
  • 257
0 votes
2 answers
1k views

What is happening at each row of this netstat-nr command?

I have a problem that I do not understand. How do I evaluate what is happening in each row and which row matches a destination address of 183.77.42.58 and why? What is happening at each row of this ...
imora's user avatar
  • 3
0 votes
1 answer
4k views

MARKed packets not routing as expected

UPDATE: Solution: I should have been using the OUTPUT chain - not the PREROUTING chain. This example still doesn't work but I'll update it soon. This seems to me like it should work. I move all the ...
GroovyDotCom's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
75 views

I have 3 router but devices in the local network does not communicate with each other

First router (195.105.1.1) is the one that was provided by ISP and we have 2 other routers. Both are connected to ISP router. Second router (195.105.1.2) has a local network which is 165.18.0.010. ...
Agent zebra's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
1k views

Routing tables in two routers connected with VPN

I have two Asus routers connected via VPN over Internet. Home (VPN client) network is 192.168.0.0/24 and Work (VPN Server) network is 192.168.1.0/24. More details there . Computers inside of each ...
vico's user avatar
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0 votes
2 answers
537 views

Linux Routing in presence of VPN - Accessing router across a firewall appliance?

I don't know a lot about network routing. Hopefully this is easy. I have my ISP-provided router providing IP's via DHCP on 192.168.10.0/24 That's connected to the "red" interface of a Nethserver (...
Diagon's user avatar
  • 724
0 votes
1 answer
114 views

Undo routing table addition

I followed the instructions in this question to add an entry to my routing table to solve my collision problem while on a public Wi-Fi network. This is what I ran: ip route add 10.52.0.14/32 dev tun0 ...
rink.attendant.6's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
2k views

How to make SSH traffic go through a second routing table

I am basically trying to SSH into a RPi that is always connected to a VPN, which makes SSH fails. I received few ideas on how to solve the issue, and the best IMHO is to make the SSH traffic go ...
user20224's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
44 views

iptable: Route all traffic from swlan0 to tun0 device

I have a rooted android device with a VPN app installed and I want to route all traffic from Mobile Hotspot(swlan0) through VPN(tun0). I ran this script found on github(from 5 years ago) to update ...
NetVPN's user avatar
  • 1
0 votes
0 answers
31 views

PC can't route to a Hyper-V Virtual machine and vice versa

Status My PC has a Hyper-V VM and a WSL instance, which IP addrs are 192.168.254.30 and 192.168.254.20, respectively. The goal is to establish a TCP connection from the WSL to the Hyper-V VM, but the ...
JYC's user avatar
  • 1
0 votes
0 answers
74 views

how to fix issue with raspberry pi that can't get out to the internet after recent changes related to wireguard/vpn

I have a raspberry pi (bullseye) that can no longer connect to the internet after recent changes related to trying to get wireguard/vpn working. Here is the routing table: route -n Kernel IP ...
Robert Tu's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
66 views

Routing table with more devices

I need a connection: laptop (windows) 192.168.10.102 -> router 192.168.10.10 -> (Int: eth0) RPI 192.168.10.17 (Int: docker0) -> (Int:eth0) docker 172.17.0.2 (Int:tun0) -> (...
Rafal's user avatar
  • 11
0 votes
1 answer
64 views

Exact trace of outbound packet based on routing table

Say I have a routing table IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway ...
Jon's user avatar
  • 3
0 votes
0 answers
143 views

Multiple simultaneous VPN connections

I am using terminal to connect to multiple VPN instances (in parallel, from a single terminal) with openvpn api in Go. I have many VPN servers. Some combinations of VPNs work together but some of ...
mbaros's user avatar
  • 113
0 votes
0 answers
909 views

Linux: Secondary default gateway for VPN connection to provide internet access

Background: There are several devices/computers in an isolated network to which I have access using SSH, but which can not access the internet. To temporarily bypass this restriction for installing ...
Philipp Burch's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
885 views

How can I restore default settings and metrics in Windows Server 2019?

I have a Server 2019. With RAS installed and I have three NICs. I played around with the standard gateways to connect an IIS to the second NIC. Now I want to reset all routing and metric changes to ...
xMRi's user avatar
  • 247
0 votes
0 answers
18 views

Strange issue with routes in Win10

I suffer a very strange issue on Win10. Laptop is is connected with fritzbox at home (default gateway 192.168.178.1) via wireless LAN. (works) If I take it to work I connect it via Docingstation with ...
datPhil's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
713 views

Connect from a computer to a Raspberry connected in a second computer (RNDIS)

I have a Raspberry Pi attached to my laptop using the USB (RNDIS) so I can see the Raspberry Pi as a Network Card + Device. I can SSH from my laptop to the Raspberry Pi using the 192.168.64.1 IP. I ...
Oscar Vicente Perez's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
109 views

Are there any issues with running a VPS with multiple public ip addresses: one serving a website and mail server; and the other a VPN?

I was told that there could be issues running a VPS which has 2 different public ip addresses; one ip running a webpage and mail server; and the other running a vpn. Right now, I already have ...
alrob's user avatar
  • 125
0 votes
0 answers
109 views

Why my routing preferred over far away upstream provider than local upstream?

Here's a good example: I have a server located in my country, and I purchased from two upstream/transit providers to route my traffic to the world. Upstream A is located in far away region, and ...
liyan's user avatar
  • 13
0 votes
0 answers
126 views

Correctly routing interface 2 to interface 1 on Windows to give Internet Access to other hosts

I have the situation like in the picture:network scheme I would like to let the centos vm to access Internet. What's the correct command I should enter into the Windows'shell? I already enabled ...
user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
138 views

How to access the router in front of my networks router?

Okay, so here is a short description of the network in our house: (1) FritzBox - connecting to the internet and also the rest of the house. It's located in the basement and uses the IP 192.168.178.1 ...
xannasavin's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
2k views

How to make two interfaces use same gateway in same network?

I have two interfaces: eth0 and wlan0 what I need to use simultaneously. Every time I restart my device or networking service, route -n gives: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway ...
MarioPL98's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
135 views

Routing specific web sites through wifi

I am using Macbook and it's connected to office Ethernet and wifi (Mobile hotspot). Few website like - https://firebase.google.com/ don't work properly through office ethernet I need to switch to ...
Anirban's user avatar
  • 101
0 votes
1 answer
2k views

Windows server 2012 R2, Null route

I am trying to add a null route to send traffic destined to a particular resource to a non-existent address to simulate a failure. PS C:\Users\Owner> route print ==================================...
Teja's user avatar
  • 1
0 votes
1 answer
71 views

windows 2012 server VPN routing

Got stuck a bit. I have a windows 2012 server (S0) on a static IP address. Laptop (L1) is connecting and receiving ... .10 ip. Tablet (T1) is connecting and receiving ... .11 ip (ip class of choice)...
F0xx's user avatar
  • 1
0 votes
1 answer
1k views

How to configure DHCP on router to manually define the routing table distributed to users?

I have a router in my home, to which there are several devices connected to it (over Wi-Fi and Ethernet) and get the network information through DHCP. I want to configure the protocol, so I can ...
mrbolichi's user avatar
  • 123
0 votes
0 answers
2k views

Optimally Connecting 2 routers to avoid double NAT

My d-link DSL router router is a wired only router. It has just 1outport - Ethernet port & this connects to the WAN port of a Linksys WRT 110 802.1N WiFi router . If I keep the DSL router in "...
user1874594's user avatar